In this second and final installment dealing with the question of whether the Novus Ordo Mass embodies Deus Solus, we will briefly review the message of Part I in the context of the content of Part II to reach a humble conclusion which I suspect may surprise many readers.
Having discussed the shift toward the individual and away from God through the infection of the Enlightenment and subsequent philosophical forces, we then focused on the psychological bias against the sacred and toward the power and supremacy of the individual, with the added twist of the theory that individuals will rationalize and twist their beliefs to reduce the inconsistency and disharmony between their external and internal environments. Finally, we noted with dismay the definite Protestant influence on the Catholic Mass as demonstrated by the Vatican II changes which gave rise to the Novus Ordo Mass.
Key Differences Between the Two Rites
The Language……The argument in favor of the use of Latin in the Latin Mass is that Latin is a universal language such that someone could enter a Mass in France, Italy, Germany, Spain, or the U.S. without losing any understanding. The argument against Latin is that, in the eyes of many, it is a dead language which, in this case, merely serves to disconnect the people from the proceedings since they do not understand what is going on. Since history shows that people properly disposed and interested can learn enough Latin to follow along plus booklets can have side by side translations of everything, I think that the arguments against the use of Latin are relatively weak. Besides, Pope Paul VI made provisions for celebration of the Mass in the vernacular for pastoral reasons, but his missal assumed that the Novus Mass would continue to be celebrated in Latin. Given these points, Mass should be celebrated in both the vernacular and Latin in each parish, respecting the pastoral benefits of the vernacular and the traditional and enhanced holiness of Latin.
Altar Position….In the Latin Mass, both the people and the priest face Jerusalem, to remind all of Christ’s sacrifice to God and, hence, to the sacrificial nature of the Mass. In the Novus Ordo, however, the orientation is versus populum, or facing the people, and mainly emphasizes a table focusing on the Mass as a supper rather than a sacrifice. Many will argue that the supper reminds us of the sacrifice but, as history has shown, this supper focus has mainly served to cause many to forget the sacrificial character of the Mass. Given these points, the individual must strive to maintain that focus on Christ’s sacrifice by focusing on the sacrifice and not merely the view of Mass as a meal.
Laity, Servers, and Participation….In the Latin Mass, the people’s role in worship is reserved mainly to silent prayer and some singing, and the priest is central and key to the celebration of the Mass. In the Novus Ordo, however, the laity have a very active and one would say almost equal part in this celebration, including the readings and distributing Communion. While many will argue that this involves and invigorates the laity more by giving them a greater role in worship, others will contend that it plays to abuses, presumptions, and the sort of defiance which modernist arguments fan. Given these points, efforts should be made to re-assert the centrality of the priesthood above the role of the laity in the worship of the Mass, and assert greater control over the spread of the laity’s role in that worship.
Music………..In the Latin Mass, the Gregorian chant and Hymns in Latin are the forms used. In the Novus Ordo, however, every type of musical instrument and singing has been incorporated into the celebration of the Mass. While there are reasonable arguments in favor of this extended form of musical expression, there seems no doubt that the traditional forms inspire a greater sense of sacred holiness. In this vein, greater control over the nature of musical worship should be exercised, and the more traditional musical expressions should be at least included significantly in the celebration of the Mass where possible.
Altar Rail and Reception of Communion….In the Latin Mass, the altar rail represents the distinction between Heaven ( the Altar) and earth ( the people) and allows people to kneel for the reception of Communion. In the Novus Ordo, however, the removal of that rail blurs that distinction, fuels the notion of the people as equals to the priest and a central component of worship, and renders reception of Communion on the tongue and on one’s knees less practical. In contrast to some of the above differences, which may inspire some reasonable arguments either way, this distinction seems totally arbitrary at best and nefarious at worst. What is wrong with having the altar rail, and with the reception of Communion on one’s knees and on the tongue? What is wrong with recognizing the distinction between Heaven and earth, between the priest and the people, between the worship of God and the celebration of people celebrating?
I find no greater demonstration of Deus solus than reception of Christ on one’s knees, on one’s tongue. Reception on the knees shows the proper respect for Our Savior, as well as the proper orientation of our lives. Just as we prostrate ourselves before our God and place Him above us keeping our gaze upon Him while receiving Communion on our knees, so too we must always remain loyal and subservient to His Will and Power maintaining our gaze fixed on Him. Furthermore, what is wrong with making every effort to emphasize reception of Communion on the tongue as preferred to reception in the hand given the consecrated hands of the priest? Does this not also emphasize the special role of the priest, the centrality of the priest in the worship of God as our focus, and the Real Presence which is increasingly forgotten today? Given this, the altar rails should be returned, and every effort made to have Communion distributed by priests alone.
The Lesson of Parenting and Education
Anyone who is a parent or has been an educator knows that parents and teachers who cater to their children or students ultimately lose the respect, attention, and influence over those whom they have a responsibility over. Similarly, to the extent that any form of the Mass and even the Catholic faith itself seeks to appease, to please, to practically petition, its followers in an effort to keep them, that form of worship and that faith will ultimately lose the very people it seeks to serve. This reality has been proven by the fruits of all of these modernist innovations. Where the effort was made to make Mass more understandable, more convenient, more appealing, more people-centered, more a meal, more a celebration rather than a sacrifice, we only see that Mass attendance has halved since Vatican II, and that only 30% of Catholics actually believe in the Real Presence. We know that most Catholics do not even attend Mass regularly anymore, and that all of this appeasement seems to have the success rate of that practiced by England’s Chamberlain in answer to the Nazis. The Church has surrendered respect in an effort to gain popularity, and has lost both. Like the clueless parent or teacher, a Church which blindly seeks affirmation according to the terms of those it serves has only sought to lose the very people it so desperately twists and distorts itself to keep.
Christ never sought to appease, to please, to conform. Rather, He embodied Deus solus, as should we.
The Evil of Convenience
I have tried to briefly review the distinctions between the traditional Latin Mass and the Novus Ordo in the light of our question as to whether the Novus Ordo embodies Deus solus. Many of these changes have their basis in questionable motives grounded in arrogance and defiance. Others are rooted in simple convenience, or serving the desires and preferences of people. Either way, Deus solus is not being served. Realism tells us that these changes are very much like the debate between mother’s milk and formula. In this latter case, the many benefits of mother’s milk are eventually ignored via the convenience and good taste of formula. In fact, the manufacturers of formula tempt parents with the convenience of formula knowing that, once the baby tastes the formula and the mother tastes the convenience of using that formula, the days of mother’s milk will be counted. What was once acceptable and even delightful will suddenly be seen as dull, distant, or foreign. Once the floodgates are opened, all manner of abuse and distortion has better access to the faith.
The answer does not lie in demanding that the Novus Ordo be eliminated, for that would be a fanciful delusion given present realities and human nature. Neither does it lie in equating ecumenism with liturgical and sacramental surrender of our Catholic faith by crafting a Mass acceptable to non-Catholics. It certainly does not lie in defining worship as centered and focused on those who worship, nor in allowing anyone other than God Almighty to be the star of the show. It does not lie in increasingly defining the Mass as a memorial banquet, the Blessed Sacrament as anything other than the Body of Christ, or the people as being in any way or form equal to the priest much less God Almighty. It lies, rather, in driving home the point that the Mass is a sacrifice to God, that the priesthood is special, that anything that emphasizes total respect and subservience to God and to The Real Presence should be emphasized and practiced as thoroughly as possible within and outside the Mass.
This is not about what is most comfortable, or convenient, to us. Mass should not fit our notions or preferences, nor bend and twist to our whims and desires like some tired fad or product on QVC. It should certainly not be about political correctness or inclusiveness devoid of our basic Church teaching. Whether we are comfortable or not, pleased or not, inconvenienced or not, offended or not, is not the issue to those whose gaze is fixed on their God. Comfort, convenience, political correctness, social offense, are all fixtures of those focused on earth and on each other.
Does the Novus Ordo Mass embody Deus solus? The bigger question is does our society embody Deus solus? Even better, do we embody Deus solus? While in many ways the Latin Mass may empahsize Deus solus more clearly and easily than the Novus Ordo, the ultimate responsibility of whether this society or whether we ourselves embody Deus solus lies within each one of us.
Deus solus begins in our souls, our hearts, and our minds, regardless of how we worship. The critical importance of the Mass lies in its ability to help us express the Deus solus which should be deep within our being. Did not Christ embody Deus solus? Given that, should not we, as His followers, embody it as well?
In the final analysis, our eyes will measure whether or not our souls embody Deus solus. Are they constantly fixed on God Almighty, on Heaven and salvation which should be our ultimate goals, and on serving our Creator to the best of our abilities using our talents? Are they fixed on the eternal over the temporal, the sacred over the societal, and the truth over the deceptions of this world? Are they fixed on our Heavenly treasure over earthly gain, on pleasing God over pleasing humans, and on serving the Almighty over our own agenda? When it comes to Deus solus, the eyes certainly have it.
Copyright, 2012 Gabriel Garnica
